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This section outlines a constitutional structure designed to ensure democratic legitimacy, decentralization of power, and effective self-governance. The framework prioritizes accountability, local autonomy, and safeguards against the concentration of authority.
Governance shall be organized under a constitutional order that clearly defines the distribution of powers, responsibilities, and limitations of all public institutions. No institution may exercise power beyond constitutional authorization.
Legislative authority shall be vested in a representative assembly elected through free, fair, and periodic elections. The assembly enacts laws, approves budgets, oversees the executive, and represents political plurality.
Executive authority shall be exercised by an executive council or government accountable to the representative assembly. The executive implements laws and administers public services within constitutional limits.
Judicial authority shall be vested in independent courts to interpret and apply the law, protect rights, and review the legality of public actions.
A constitutional review mechanism shall ensure laws and public actions conform to constitutional standards. Its decisions shall be binding on all public institutions.
Governance shall be decentralized to ensure meaningful local self-governance, with protected local competencies in education, cultural affairs, land/resource management, and local development.
The constitutional structure shall incorporate checks and balances including legislative oversight, judicial review, and transparency requirements. No institution may accumulate unchecked power.
Public administration shall operate on professionalism, legality, and impartiality. Civil servants serve the public interest and are protected from political interference while remaining accountable for lawful conduct.
Public security institutions shall operate under civilian oversight and constitutional control. Use of force shall be regulated by law and subject to judicial review.
Emergency powers must be defined by law, limited in duration, and subject to oversight. No emergency measure may suspend fundamental rights or undermine constitutional order.